Coordinate Geometry - Straight Line

Find the equation of the straight line which passes through the point $\left(-5, 4\right)$ and is such that the portion of it intercepted between the axes is divided by the point in the ratio $1 : 2$


Let

intercept made by the required line on the $X$ axis $= a$

intercept made by the required line on the $Y$ axis $= b$

Then, the required line cuts the $X$ axis at the point $A \left(a, 0\right)$ and the $Y$ axis at the point $B \left(0, b\right)$.

The required equation passes through the point $P\left(-5, 4\right)$.

Given: $\;$ The point $P$ divides the line join of points $A$ and $B$ internally in the ratio $1 : 2$.

$\therefore \;$ By section formula for internal division, we have,

for the $x$ coordinate: $\;\;$ $-5 = \dfrac{1 \times 0 + 2 \times a}{1 + 2}$ $\implies$ $- 15 = 2a$ $\implies$ $a = \dfrac{-15}{2}$

and for the $y$ coordinate: $\;\;$ $4 = \dfrac{1 \times b + 2 \times 0}{1 + 2}$ $\implies$ $b = 12$

The equation of the required line be of the form: $\;$ $\dfrac{x}{a} + \dfrac{y}{b} = 1$

$\dfrac{x}{-15 / 2} + \dfrac{y}{12} = 1$

i.e. $\;$ $\dfrac{2x}{-15} + \dfrac{y}{12} = 1$

i.e. $\;$ $24x - 15y = - 180$

$\therefore \;$ The equation of the required line is

$8x - 5y + 60 = 0$