Analytical Geometry - Conics - Tangents and Normals

Find the equations of tangent and normal to the parabola $y^2 = 8x$ at $t = \dfrac{1}{2}$.


Given: Equation of parabola is $\;$ $y^2 = 8x$

Comparing with the standard equation of parabola $\;$ $y^2 = 4ax$ $\;$ gives

$4a = 8 \implies a = 2$

Equation of tangent to a parabola at a point $t$ is $\;$ $yt = x+ at^2$

Equation of normal to a parabola at a point $t$ is $\;$ $y + tx = 2at + at^3$

Given: $\;$ $t = \dfrac{1}{2}$

$\therefore$ $\;$ Required equation of tangent is:

$y \times \dfrac{1}{2} = x + 2 \times \dfrac{1}{4}$

i.e. $\;$ $2x - y + 1 = 0$

Required equation of normal is:

$y + \dfrac{x}{2} = 2 \times 2 \times \dfrac{1}{2} + 2 \times \dfrac{1}{8}$

i.e. $\;$ $y + \dfrac{x}{2} = \dfrac{9}{4}$

i.e. $\;$ $2x + 4y - 9 = 0$